Improvement ik type-writing machines



4 8heets--Sl1eet 1 B. F. BELLOWS.

INUENT DH:

W aw 47/564,

4 Sheets--SneeL z B. P. BELLOWS. Type Writing Machine.

N0. 206,160. Pa-t Qied July 23.1878.

WITNEESES INU'ENTD'H:

4 8heets-8heet 8 B. F. BELLOWS. Type Writing Machine.

No. 206,160. Patented M 23,1878.

.FLT T CI IHNIEY 4 SIMON-$11664, 4

B. P. BELLOWS. Type Writing Machine.

No. 206,160. Patented July 23, I878.

UNITED STATES PATENT "OFFICE.

IMPROVEMENT IN TYPE-WRITING MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 206,160, dated July 23,1878 ,1 application filed April16, 1677.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN Fnamnv BELLOWS, of Weeping Water, county ofCass, and State of Nebraska, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Type-Writers, of which the following is a specification:

Reference is had to the accompanying drawings, which are madea parthereof, and on which similar letters and figures indicate simi larparts. I

The object of my invention is to provide an efiicient means of writingwith type or printing a singlecopy in cases where it has been usual toproduce the writing desired with a pen.

This is accomplished by a machine constructed for the purpose, and whichis generally known as a type-writer.

Figure l is a front view of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one of the keys.

Fig. 3 is a view of attachment ]3 for holding cards. Fig. 4 is a sideview of the type and the type-holder M... Fig. .5 is a sectional plandrawn for the most part through the dotted line 0 0, but varied fromsaid line inplaees in orderto illustrate'as much as possible of theinvention when looking into the machine from the right-hand side. Fig. 6is a front plan of spacing contrivance G. vFig. 7 is a view of theinside of the front part of the machine when viewed from a pointcorresponding with the dotted line 0 c inFig. 5. Fig. Sis a view of theparts immediately in the rear of those.

shown in Fig. 7, as shown when looking rearwardly from the same dottedline e c. This line is varied from at the top of the figure, in

order to get a front view of the type-holder M. Fig. 9 is a view ofpropelling and holding catch E, and the various levers and attachmentsnear to or connected with it when looked at from a point shown bythedotted line f f. This figure also gives a view of key 30 and thelevers attached thereto. Fig. 10 is a view of key 30 with itsconnections, and of the spacing contrivance G.

In the drawings, the numerals l to 30, inclusive, represent the keys,which are arranged to work as follows:

1, if struck alone, causes the hammer to strike on the small orlower-case letter a, and

thus makes that impression on the paper. If

struck in combination with 6, and whilefi is yet down, its operation 'ischanged to the capital letter A, while in combination with 5 the numeral.9 is formed. 2 in the same manner, alone makes b; with 6, B; with 5, 3alone makes 0; with 6, G; with 5, 4 alone makes d,- with 6, D; with 5,,7; 5, when used in connection with the working keys, makes the numeralsand various stops and marks. 6,

when used in connection with the workingkeys, changes the letters fromlower-case to cagital letters.

he operation of these two keys 5 and 6 is hereinafter more particularlydescribed.

Keys 7,8 9,10, 12,13, 14,15,16,"17, 18,19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26,27, 2s, and 29 operate in a similar manner to keys 1, 2, 3, and.4, andcomplete the entire list of 'seventy-eight characters now used with thismachine, including letters, both, lower case 11nd capital, and the stopsand numerals.

Key 11 is used in combination with the elbow-lever H, having thebeveledhead It on its upright portion to raise the bed-plate I, which,

in turn, raises the paper-holding apparatus a sufficient distance sothat the dash-mark can be used as an underscoring attachment.

Key 30, through the levers p and 4, moves the spacer G so as to engageit with the gearwheel 0 on theend of roller 0 and which, in

turn, engages with gea -wl1'eei 'c on end of roller 0, and thus turnssaid rollers while they are being run back, so asto give the necessaryspace between the lines of writing on the pa per. This space can be madewide or narrow at pleasure by setting the incline a; at a greater orless angle. The incline a is held in its place by the set-screw d, whichruns through the slot in the carrier-bar b.

The type are closely arranged in the typeholder M, so that the hammer Acan reach each one without danger of missing by reason of a too greatmovement of the type-holder M.

The handle of the hammer A is provided with a screw-thread, on whichruns the weight D. This weight enables the operator to give a lighter orheavier stroke on the type at will by simply running the weightfartherfrom or nearer to the point of the hammer, the hammei, of course,striking heaviest when the weight is nearest the point.

' oted to the plate V, and

The type are arranged in three perpendicular sections of three rowseach. The righthand section is capitals, the central section is small orlower-case letters, and the left-hand section is the stops, marks, andnumerals.

If the working-keys alone are used, the central or lower-case section isunder the operation of the hammer. If thecapitals are wanted, inaddition to the working-keys, use operatingkey 6. It stops, marks, ornumerals are wanted, use in connection with the working-keys theoperating-key 5.

Key 5 pulls down lever K, which is jointed to plate L, which is, inturn, jointed to the front part of the machine. The plate L has aninclined slot, which runs over pin m in plate W, and which draws saidplate \V, wit-h its companion-plate V, to the right, and with them thetype-holder M, whereby the left section of type is brought under theoperation of the hammer A.

Key 6 pnllsdown the lever N, which is jointed to the plate 0, which is,in turn, jointed to the front part of the machine. The plate 0 has aninclined slot, which runs over the pin a in plate \V, and which drawsplates \V and V to the left, whereby the right section of type isbrought under the operation of the hammer'A.

The plate V has a projection, V, to which the type-holder M is connectedby means of the connecting-rod M, and by means of which the type-holderis made to follow the motion of the plates. The type are also arrangedin nine horizontal rows, and each row is raised to position to be struckby the arrangement of levers shown in Fig. 8.

The pivot k on the bottom of the stem of the type-holder rests in theslot J. When the pivot k is at the bottom of the slot, the first or toprow of type is in position to be struck, and the keys for this row donot pass through the loops of any of the levers; but when the second rowis to be struck the keys run through the loop of lever S, then the thirdthrough the loop of S, and so on, the lever S raising the type-carrier,until the bottom or ninth row of type is in position for use.

Inside the front part of the machine are arran god the three slides 1,Q, and B, through which the stems of the keys run, and which, whenstruck by the keys, draw down the pin i in hammer-shaft j, and thusstrike the hammer A against the rear end of the proper type. They also,by means of various connect-ions, shift the type-holder M a singlespace, so that the right and left hand rows of the sections may be used.

The slide P is not connected with either of the plates, and,consequently, when keys are struck which rest on this slide alone theplates are not moved, and the hammer A strikes the central row ofwhichever one of the perpendicular sections is being used.

The slide Q is connected with the plate T by means of the lever Q. Theplate T is pivhas an inclined slot,

,the parts fastened thereto which runs over pin a in plate W,whereby theplate V, which carries the type-holder M, is carried one space to theleft, and the righthand row of any section is brought under theoperation of the hammer A.

The slide R is connected to the plate U by the lever B. The plate U ispivoted to the plate V, and has an inclined slot, which runs over thepin m in plate W, whereby the plate V and type-holder M are carried onespace to the right, and the left-hand row of any section of type isbrought into use.

Immediately in the rear of the levers S to S is the propelling andholding catch E. This catch is composed of the upright standard '1' andpivoted jaw s, and is driven by means of the lever 1. Shown in Fig. 9.)This key fits closely into t to small slot 0, (shown in Fig. ,7,) andthereby closely follows every movement of the slide 1?, and as the slideI is worked by every o'ne of the working keys the standard r is, ofcourse, pulled downward by each stroke on any of them. Whenever thecatch is pulled down and disengaged, the jaw s flies upward andbackward, and engages atooth in the rack-bar to the right. of the onedisengaged, and, as the catch rises, the jaw 8 comes forward anddownward, and pushes the rack-bar F a space farther to the left, thusgiving room for another letter on the paper. The stationary jaw on theupper end of the standard 1' engages the opposite side of the toothwhich is being pressed against by the jaw s, and thus holds the rack-barand all of firmly in position while the type is making its stroke.

The paper-holding attachment is composed of the three rolls 0, C, and C,which are held in place by the arrangement of levers and springs shownin Fig. 5, and is propelled in the proper direction and to properdistances by the action of the spacer ti and catch 1' described above.

The roll 0 is held in place by the pivoted lever o, and the roll 0 bythe pivoted lever :1.

0n the rod 3 is the spring 2, which is fastened at the other end to thebed-piece I. This spring z presses the roll 0 downward, and with it theroll 0, as the roll 0 is on top; otherwise a second spring would beneeded.

The levers 0 and t and the spring :2 are duplicated at the opposite endsof the rolls, and are connected together by the. rods w and y.

The paper-holding attachment runs on a slide or carriage composed of therod X and partly-open tube Z, so arranged that it will slide from eitherend of the machine without difficulty, and can be replaced at pleasure.

The main roll 0 has an attachment, B, for

holding postal or other cards, or pieces of paper too small to, reachunder the smaller rolls. It consists of two flat pieces hinged together,and the inner end is pressc upon the roll 0 by means of a spring in theouter end,

In Fig. 9 is shown the lever Y. This lever has a projection, 11,

in standard 1', and is pivoted 'to the lever q,

which engages the pin 1" so that when the key 30 is pulled down it alsopulls down the catch E, and thereby relieves the rack-bar 1* from all.interference while being run back. I

The operation of my machine is to speedily and easily write any matterthat may be desired, in either lowerease or capital letters, with allnumerals and necessary stops and marks. One of its most markedadvantages is that it makes nearly twice the number of char-, actorsthat have been made by machines heretofore invented with a much lessnumber of keys. I use only twenty-six working and four operating keys,making thirty in all, and make seventy-eight character's, while othershave generally used over forty keys, each capable .of making only asingle character.

I disclaim, however, all that part of this invention which relates tothe combination of the combined hinge and guide-rail with thepaper-carriage, by which said carriage is enabled to be moved along andover the machine and up and'ofi' from the same. I also disclaim thecombination of a ratchetrbar with such a device, and also thecombination of a hinge and guide-rail on one sideand a travelingwheel onthe other with such a carriage; but,

' Having thus fully described my said invention, what I do claim as new,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

, 1. In atype-writer, the .combination of thecase of printing-charactersM with the hammer A, said hammer being operated by the keys, incombination with slide I, pin 01, and shaft substantially as hereinshown and described.

2.-'The combination of working-keys, slides P, Q, and It, andoperating-keys 5 and 6, attached to mechanism, substantially asdescribed, to operate the tvpc-holder M, as herein shown and described.a

3. The combination of movable jaw 13', provided with small rollers b b,with permanent jaw B and spring I)", forming the catch B, all

' as herein shown and described, and for the purpose herein specified.

4. The combination ot'hammerA with weight 1) and operating mechanism,substantially-as described, for-the purpose specified.

5. The propelling and holding catch E, com- 7 posed of the jaw s,pivoted to the uprightr, in

combination with the rack-bar 1", asherein shown and described.

6. The pivoted-jaw .9 having spring s, in

v combination with the vertically-inoving standard r, forming the catchE, as herein shown and described.

7. The combination of slide 1, lever .r, and vertically-slidin g catchE, as herein shown and described.

8. The combination of key 11 with elbowlever H and bed-plate I, as andfor the purposes specified.

9. The combination of key 30, levers p and q, spacer G, and gear-wheelc, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purposespecified.

10. The combination of the adjustable and movable inclined spacer G,composed of the incline a, carrier-bar b, and set-screw d, as hereinshown and described.

11. The. combination of working-keys, slide I, pin 2', and hammer A, asherein shown and described.

12. The combination of key 6 with levers N and plate 0, having slotwhich passes over pin n, for the purpose of moving the type-holder Mfrom one position to another, as herein' shown and described.

13. The "combination of the working-keys with slides Q, lever B, andplate U, having slot which passes over pin m, as herein shownauddescribed.

14. The combination of the cam-faced levers with the type-holder M, asand for the purposes specified. I

15. The projection 21, attached to lever Y, in

combination with pin 0-" in standard 1', as herein shown and described.

16. The paper-holding attachmentcomposed of main roll 0 and smallerrolls 0* and C, in combination with spring z, as herein shown anddescribed.

17. The combination of slide Q, lever Q, plate T, and pin a, as and forthe purposes specified.

18. The working-keys, in combination with cam-faced levers, for thepurpose of raising the type-holder M, as herein shown and described.

19. The combination of the plate V, connecting-rod M, and type-holder M,ashereln shown and described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at Indianapolis,Indiana, this 30th day of March, A. D. 1877.

BENJ. 1*. 'lELLOWS. In presence of- (Jrmsrnn BRADFORD,

MAReus L. .IIARnIs.

